☎️ Callbacks

Callbacks provide hooks that run at each training loop’s Event. By convention, callbacks should not modify the training loop by changing the State, but rather by reading and logging various metrics. Typical callback use cases include logging, timing, or model introspection.

Using Callbacks

Built-in callbacks can be accessed in composer.callbacks and registered with the callbacks argument to the Trainer.

from composer import Trainer
from composer.callbacks import SpeedMonitor, LRMonitor
from composer.loggers import WandBLogger

Trainer(
    model=model,
    train_dataloader=train_dataloader,
    eval_dataloader=None,
    max_duration='1ep',
    callbacks=[SpeedMonitor(window_size=100), LRMonitor()],
    loggers=[WandBLogger()],
)

This example includes callbacks that measure the model throughput and learning rate and logs them to Weights & Biases. Callbacks control what is being logged, whereas loggers specify where the information is being saved. For more information on loggers, see Logging.

Available Callbacks

Composer provides several callbacks to monitor and log various components of training.

CheckpointSaver	Callback to save checkpoints.
SpeedMonitor	Logs the training throughput.
LRMonitor	Logs the learning rate.
GradMonitor	Computes and logs the L2 norm of gradients on the AFTER_TRAIN_BATCH event.
MemoryMonitor	Logs the memory usage of the model.

Custom Callbacks

Custom callbacks should inherit from Callback and override any of the event-related hooks. For example, below is a simple callback that runs on EPOCH_START and prints the epoch number.

from composer import Callback, State, Logger

class EpochMonitor(Callback):

    def epoch_start(self, state: State, logger: Logger):
        print(f'Epoch: {state.timer.epoch}')

Alternatively, one can override Callback.run_event() to run code at every event. The below is an equivalent implementation for EpochMonitor:

from composer import Callback, Event, Logger, State

class EpochMonitor(Callback):

    def run_event(self, event: Event, state: State, logger: Logger):
        if event == Event.EPOCH_START:
            print(f'Epoch: {state.timer.epoch}')

Warning

If Callback.run_event() is overridden, the individual methods corresponding to each event will be ignored.

The new callback can then be provided to the trainer.

from composer import Trainer

trainer = Trainer(
    ...,
    callbacks=[EpochMonitor()]
)

Events

Here is the list of supported Event for callbacks to hook into.

class composer.core.Event(value)

Enum to represent events in the training loop.

The following pseudocode shows where each event fires in the training loop:

# <INIT>
# <FIT_START>
for epoch in range(NUM_EPOCHS):
    # <EPOCH_START>
    for batch in dataloader:
        # <AFTER_DATALOADER>

        # <BATCH_START>

        # <BEFORE_TRAIN_BATCH>

        for microbatch in batch.split(grad_accum):

            # <BEFORE_FORWARD>
            outputs = model(batch)
            # <AFTER_FORWARD>

            # <BEFORE_LOSS>
            loss = model.loss(outputs, batch)
            # <AFTER_LOSS>

            # <BEFORE_BACKWARD>
            loss.backward()
            # <AFTER_BACKWARD>

        # Un-scale and clip gradients

        # <AFTER_TRAIN_BATCH>
        optimizer.step()

        # <BATCH_END>

        if should_eval(batch=True):
            for eval_dataloader in eval_dataloaders:
                # <EVAL_START>
                for batch in eval_dataloader:
                    # <EVAL_BATCH_START>
                    # <EVAL_BEFORE_FORWARD>
                    outputs, targets = model(batch)
                    # <EVAL_AFTER_FORWARD>
                    metrics.update(outputs, targets)
                    # <EVAL_BATCH_END>
                # <EVAL_END>

        # <BATCH_CHECKPOINT>
    # <EPOCH_END>

    if should_eval(batch=False):
        for eval_dataloader in eval_dataloaders:
            # <EVAL_START>
            for batch in eval_dataloader:
                # <EVAL_BATCH_START>
                # <EVAL_BEFORE_FORWARD>
                outputs, targets = model(batch)
                # <EVAL_AFTER_FORWARD>
                metrics.update(outputs, targets)
                # <EVAL_BATCH_END>
            # <EVAL_END>

    # <EPOCH_CHECKPOINT>
# <FIT_END>

INIT

Invoked in the constructor of Trainer. Model surgery (see module_surgery) typically occurs here.

FIT_START

Invoked at the beginning of each call to Trainer.fit(). Dataset transformations typically occur here.

EPOCH_START

Start of an epoch.

AFTER_DATALOADER

Immediately after the dataloader is called. Typically used for on-GPU dataloader transforms.

BATCH_START

Start of a batch.

BEFORE_TRAIN_BATCH

Before the forward-loss-backward computation for a training batch. When using gradient accumulation, this is still called only once.

BEFORE_FORWARD

Before the call to model.forward(). This is called multiple times per batch when using gradient accumulation.

AFTER_FORWARD

After the call to model.forward(). This is called multiple times per batch when using gradient accumulation.

BEFORE_LOSS

Before the call to model.loss(). This is called multiple times per batch when using gradient accumulation.

AFTER_LOSS

After the call to model.loss(). This is called multiple times per batch when using gradient accumulation.

BEFORE_BACKWARD

Before the call to loss.backward(). This is called multiple times per batch when using gradient accumulation.

AFTER_BACKWARD

After the call to loss.backward(). This is called multiple times per batch when using gradient accumulation.

AFTER_TRAIN_BATCH

After the forward-loss-backward computation for a training batch. When using gradient accumulation, this event still fires only once.

BATCH_END

End of a batch, which occurs after the optimizer step and any gradient scaling.

BATCH_CHECKPOINT

After Event.BATCH_END and any batch-wise evaluation. Saving checkpoints at this event allows the checkpoint saver to use the results from any batch-wise evaluation to determine whether a checkpoint should be saved.

EPOCH_END

End of an epoch.

EPOCH_CHECKPOINT

After Event.EPOCH_END and any epoch-wise evaluation. Saving checkpoints at this event allows event allows the checkpoint saver to use the results from any epoch-wise evaluation to determine whether a checkpointshould be saved.

FIT_END

Invoked at the end of each call to Trainer.fit(). This event exists primarily for logging information and flushing callbacks. Algorithms should not transform the training state on this event, as any changes will not be preserved in checkpoints.

EVAL_START

Start of evaluation through the validation dataset.

EVAL_BATCH_START

Before the call to model.validate(batch)

EVAL_BEFORE_FORWARD

Before the call to model.validate(batch)

EVAL_AFTER_FORWARD

After the call to model.validate(batch)

EVAL_BATCH_END

After the call to model.validate(batch)

EVAL_END

End of evaluation through the validation dataset.